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IPI 
International Peace Institute 
Report on 2012 Program Activities 
April 2013 
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CONTENTS 
Introduction 
5 
Programs 
6 
1. Coping with Crisis 
6 
2. Humanitarian Affairs 
 11 
3. Middle East 
12 
4. Africa 
13 
5. Europe and Central Asia 
14 
Vienna Office 
16 
Training Program 
17 
Impact 
19 
Publications 
24 
Outreach 
27 
Events 
27 
IPI Publications 
30 
IPI Website and The Global Observatory 
32 
IPI Webcasting 
35 
Annex I: Events 
36 
Annex II: Global Observatory Articles 
46 
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Introduction 
In 2012, the output of IPI's research programs was comprised of 30 publications, including four 
book-length projects: a management handbook for UN field missions, an analysis of UN 
mediation efforts in Myanmar, an English translation of former African Union Chairman Jean 
Ping's memoir, and an online guide to UN counter-terrorism activities. IPI also completed a 
compendium of the Middle East peace process to be published by Oxford University Press in 
2013. 
As in previous years, IPI offered its constituents an exceptionally rich and diverse program of 
events. The Institute hosted more than 125 events at its offices in New York and Vienna, as 
well as in Istanbul, Luxembourg, and Berlin, and welcomed more than 3,000 participants to its 
meetings. The events ranged from discreet expert roundtables to ministerial-level meetings 
such as the biannual Middle East dinner, which hosted in September more than 30 foreign 
ministers and representatives of international organizations. 
IPI continued to enhance the impact of its events and publications by increasing its presence on 
the Internet with its two platforms: the IPI website (redesigned in 2009), which now features live 
webcasting of all public events; and the Global Observatory (launched in 2011), where program 
staff published 135 analyses over the past year. The number of visits to both sites reached 
185,000 by the end of the year,—almost twice as many as in 2010—with visitors from all parts 
of the world. 
In addition to its existing projects and programs, IPI launched in 2012 several new activities. 
The Institute is reviving its training activities and started a new summer course for mid-level 
diplomats. A pilot five-day session took place in July at Greentree Estate, and the course will 
officially be launched in 2013 if IPI receives additional funding. IPI also launched a new 
humanitarian affairs program, as well as a new series of events on women, peace, and security. 
Another notable achievement in 2012 was IPI's efforts to initiate new activities in the field and 
to better connect discussions in New York or Vienna with local realities. Since 2011 IPI has 
sponsored the development of the Forum for Arab Citizenship in Transition (FACT), an informal 
network of civil-society leaders in Egypt and Tunisia. With IPI's support and in cooperation with 
UN Women, FACT conducted in 2012 its first research and dialogue project on the constitution 
processes and equal rights for women. The Middle East program conducted a field study of 
youth in the Arab world, and the "Peace without Crime" project, led by the Vienna office, 
included case studies in Western Africa, Haiti, and Kosovo. 
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Programs 
1. Coping with Crisis 
In 2012, the Coping with Crisis (CWC) program completed its seventh year of activities. Since 
the program began, CWC has generated analyses, policy ideas, and recommendations on how 
to strengthen the capacity of the United Nations, regional and subregional organizations, and 
their member states to address the challenges of conflict, instability, and insecurity. 
In 2012, the CWC program continued to 
1) provide analysis of threats to international peace and security, and tools for response; 
2) offer a platform for decision makers to engage and build consensus on strategies to 
enhance the capacity of multilateral bodies to respond to those threats; and 
3) support policy processes in the UN and member states' governments. 
To complement these activities, the program has continued to develop visual presentations 
that use maps, data, and graphics to present the program's research on security and 
socioeconomic challenges, regionally and globally. Fifteen presentations were given in 2012 to 
a broad range of audiences in New York, including diplomatic officials, members of parliaments, 
UN staff, civil society organizations, and students. 
Conflict Prevention 
In collaboration with UNDP's Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery and USAID's Office of 
Conflict Management and Mitigation, IPI's project on "Innovative Technology and Conflict 
Prevention" is looking at how new technologies, such as text messaging, social media, crowd-
sourcing data, and mapping, can be put to the service of conflict prevention. The project 
consists of five cases studies addressing (1) criminal violence (Latin America), (2) repressive 
environments (Kyrgyzstan), (3) conflict (Sudan), (4) long-term prevention and early warning 
(Kenya), and (5) the potential of "big data" for conflict prevention. In June, the project convened 
a meeting for a group of twenty-five experts in conflict prevention and new technologies, who 
provided comments on the project concept and suggestions for the case studies' terms of 
reference. The cases have been commissioned and will be published in 2013. 
In late 2011, IPI launched a cycle of four seminars called the International Expert Forum (IEF) 
in collaboration with the Folke Bernadotte Academy, the SecDev Group, and the Social Science 
Research Council. The seminars assemble insights from practitioners and scholars from the 
North and South across the entire conflict cycle, from conflict prevention to postconflict 
peacebuilding. They provide an opportunity to take stock of the latest research and emerging 
practices from the field with a view to expanding knowledge, honing skills, and improving 
methods of practice. The target audience includes senior decision makers and practitioners 
working on the frontlines within the UN system. In June 2012 the second seminar was convened 
and a meeting report was then published on the theme of "Mitigating the Consequences of 
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Violent Conflict." The third International Expert Forum took place in December 2012 and 
focused on the role of peace operations in preventing and addressing causes of conflict. 
CWC also completed an edited volume entitled Responding to Genocide: The Politics of 
International Action, to be published in 2013. The book provides policymakers, analysts, and 
academics with a practical assessment of the political challenges faced by international 
organizations, nation states, and civil society groups as they seek to prevent or detect and stop 
mass atrocities. 
Mediation 
In early 2012, CWC published a comprehensive policy paper examining the UN's experiences in 
five cases of unconstitutional changes in government between 2008 and 2011: Kenya, 
Mauritania, Guinea, Madagascar, and Kyrgyzstan. While the United Nations has extensive 
experience in helping to mediate an end to civil wars and implement peace agreements, its 
experience with non-civil-war transition crises is comparatively limited and less analyzed. With 
this study, IPI aimed to fill that gap. The cases suggest that the use of power-sharing 
mechanisms to resolve either unconstitutional ousters of elected presidents or electoral disputes 
raises questions for legitimacy, democracy, and state-society relations. The cases also reveal 
the UN's often-remarkable ability to work collaboratively and effectively with regional and 
subregional organizations in mediation efforts. 
Continuing this exploration of the UN's role in mediation, IPI started investigating cases to 
produce recommendations for strengthening and professionalizing UN good offices and 
mediation. The first case study, published in November 2012, is an analysis of the 20 years of 
good offices in Myanmar, one of the longest such diplomatic efforts in the history of the 
organization. With Myanmar now in the midst of major political, economic, and social reforms, 
and questions invariably being raised about the future of those "offices," this book-length paper 
offers a timely opportunity to revisit the history and achievements of the past 20 years of 
mediation efforts. 
Peace Operations 
CWC's work on peace operations continued focusing on the issue of management, and also 
began new projects on the challenges for the UN in generating sufficient, high-quality military 
and police capabilities for its peace operations. 
In August 2012, IPI released the first peacekeeping handbook devoted to strengthening the 
management performance of the UN's field missions: The Management Handbook for UN 
Field Missions. The handbook was launched at an October event in New York, and with 
assistance from the UN, the handbook has been disseminated to all United Nations 
peacekeeping, peacebuilding, and political missions. A French-language version of the 
handbook, made possible with funding from the Government of Canada, is nearing completion 
and will be disseminated in 2013. 
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On the topic of force generation, IPI was commissioned jointly by the UN's Department of 
Peacekeeping Operations' (DPKO) Office of Military Affairs and Division for Policy, Evaluation 
and Training to undertake two important studies. The first study fulfilled a request of the UN 
Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations (C-34) for an independent assessment of the 
effectiveness of the UN's Standby Arrangements System, created by DPKO in 1993. IPI's 
recommendations on re-envisioning the Standby Arrangements System to make it a more 
effective tool for the Secretariat were subsequently presented in a briefing to members of the C-
34, and some are currently in the process of implementation. A second, broader study was then 
commissioned to assess and provide recommendations on improving the UN's system of 
generating police and military capabilities for its missions. 
With the goal of assisting in strategic force generation, IPI developed the Providing for 
Peacekeeping Project (PPP), for which the Institute created a network of intemational 
researchers to generate and disseminate new knowledge about UN member states and their 
approach to UN peacekeeping. The aim of the research is to broaden the base of troop- and 
police-contributing countries (TCC/PCCs), improve the quality of troop and police contributions, 
and fill key capability gaps. The initiative was launched at an IPI meeting with key DPKO staff 
and researchers in February. The project's first draft report, "Broadening the Base of United 
Nations Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries," was published in August 2012. Thematic 
reports such as this will be featured on the project's website, along with a robust database of the 
history of troop and police contributions to the UN, as well as country-specific profiles of UN 
TCC/PCCs. 
IPI also continued its Being a Peacekeeper Series, organized since 2010 in partnership with 
the Pearson Centre (Canada). The series gathers senior government officials of countries within 
a specific region to share lessons and discuss ways of enhancing the region's participation in 
UN peacekeeping. It also facilitates outreach from the UN Secretariat to troop- and police-
contributing countries (TCCs). In 2012 the series focused on current and potential European 
TCCs, culminating in a roundtable in Berlin attended by senior officials from 16 European 
countries and joined by a UN DPKO delegation led by the Under-Secretary-General, Nerve 
Ladsous. 
IPI convened multiple ad hoc workshops and roundtables on peace operations topics, such as 
the protection of civilians, UN command and control, and peacekeeping transitions. IPI's peace 
operations experts produced country-specific policy papers and reports for external publications 
on peacekeeping issues in Burundi, Chad and the Central African Republic, and the Democratic 
Republic of Congo. 
Peacebuilding 
CWC's work on peacebuilding provides policy support to partners in their efforts to improve 
interventions in postconflict countries. It focuses specifically on providing direct support to the 
UN Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) and Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) by facilitating 
informal dialogue among member states and UN officials on peacebuilding issues, and by 
supporting ongoing policy development within the UN system. Throughout the year, IPI staff 
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were routinely sought out by UN member states for advice on the challenges facing the 
peacebuilding architecture. IPI also partnered with Permanent Missions of Burundi and 
Switzerland (the chair of the Burundi configuration at the PBC) to the UN to organize a high 
level roundtable on Burundi's peacebuilding strategy in October. The roundtable offered 
Burundi an opportunity to present its new strategy and update its development partners before a 
subsequent donors' conference. 
State Fragility 
In 2012, IPI cooperated with the International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding, 
comprised of the g7+ group of 19 fragile and conflict-affected countries, development partners, 
and international organizations. Following the launch of the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile 
States (2012-2015) in Busan, Korea, IPI advised and supported bilateral donors, the UN 
system, the OECD, and the g7+ as they started the process of implementing the New Deal 
commitments in 2012. 
In January 2012, IPI partnered with UNDP's Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery to host 
the first discussion of the New Deal in New York, a half-day policy dialogue with UN actors 
and member states. IPI provided advice to the Secretariat of the g7+, and was asked to help 
convene a meeting intended to support the efforts of the g7+ to speak with a common voice 
within UN circles. An IPI study on Aid Effectiveness in Fragile States, which highlighted the 
use of transition compacts and their impact on mutual accountability in particular country 
situations (Afghanistan, Iraq, Liberia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Timor-Leste), 
drew substantial attention in the UN policy community. 
A secondment arrangement with USAID provided a unique opportunity to share ideas 
developed through IPI research and analysis with the US administration and to enrich IPI's work 
through the contributions of a USAID fellow. The fellow produced a policy paper on the 
correlations between organized crime, conflict, and fragility, which argued that organized 
crime does not merely undermine the strength of the state in conflict-affected and fragile 
contexts; it further impacts the critical and often contested relationship between the state and 
society. 
Rule of Law, Peace, and Justice 
In the first half of 2012, IPI twice hosted then ICC Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo for 
private roundtable discussions as well as public policy forums that addressed the question of 
peace and justice and the difficult issue of enforcing ICC arrest warrants. 
IPI also partnered with the Mission of Liechtenstein to the UN to explore challenges and 
opportunities in the relationship between the Security Council and the ICC. The 
roundtable meeting, which also included a high-level lunchtime discussion featuring newly 
elected ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda, was held in November. It analyzed how the process 
of referring situations to the ICC by the Security Council can be improved and how the Security 
Council and other actors can better support the ICC once a situation has been referred to it. An 
action-oriented meeting note was published in 2012. 
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IPI also provided input to and commentary on the policy debate leading up to the adoption of a 
High-Level Declaration on the Rule of Law through Global Observatory analyses and an issue 
brief entitled "Advancing the Rule of Law Agenda at the 67th General Assembly." 
UN Security Council and Civil Wars 
CWC's Security Council Compliance Project is a multiyear quantitative research project aimed 
at assessing the council's performance in civil wars after the Cold War. The findings of this 
project aim to improve understanding of the factors that influence the Security Council's work, 
its interaction with conflict parties, and these parties' calculations on settling or continuing 
conflicts. 
Analysis rests on the IPI Security Council Compliance Database, a "large-n" database of all 
Security Council resolutions addressing civil wars from 1989-2006, with both intervening and 
explanatory contextual factors, and compliance scores based on a rigorous coding methodology 
developed by the project and some 6,000 pages of source documentation on the Security 
Council's civil-war-management efforts. In September, IPI published the full database online, as 
well as a data visualization portal and the full project methodology. 
Transnational Organized Crime 
IPI's project on transnational organized crime (TOC) focuses on developing more effective 
multilateral responses to TOC and the new threats it poses, most notably in conflict zones and 
fragile states. In 2012, CWC's work on TOC proceeded along two tracks: 
1) International Law-Enforcement Cooperation. In 2010 and 2011, IPI provided the 
nonpartisan environment and expertise to host meetings of top international law-
enforcement experts and practitioners. Here, they considered proposals for new strategies 
to reshape global law-enforcement cooperation to make it more effective in countering 
transnational organized crime. Building on these activities, a meeting with the full network of 
international experts was held in New York in February 2012, and a meeting report and the 
"founding document" of the network were produced and distributed. The network met again 
in New York in July 2012, and a report on the outcome of the meeting with proposals and 
recommendations was produced. 
2) Cybercrime and Cyber Security. IPI held a panel discussion on cybercrime and cyber 
security titled "Viruses, Botnets, and Logicbombs: Defining the International Cyber Threat." 
The seminar, which took a nontechnical look into the world of malware, aimed to enhance 
knowledge on the topic within the UN community. IPI has also published an issue brief on 
the meeting. 
Global Counterterrorism 
Over the past decade, the UN's work to combat global terrorism has expanded dramatically. 
Through the initiatives of the General Assembly and Security Council, a complex institutional 
architecture has been formed that draws on the expertise of a range of UN entities and brings a 
new series of actors into the focus of counterterrorism work. In this context, in 2012 IPI 
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published an online, book-length report, which provides a comprehensive guide to the United 
Nation's counterterrorism activities. 
Climate Change and Security 
CWC's work on climate change and security seeks to provide support to policymakers through 
research and convening on a variety of issues related to environmental change and resource 
scarcity. Ahead of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro, 
Brazil, in June (Rio+20), IPI published a meeting report entitled "Strengthening International 
Environmental Governance: Exploring System-wide Responses." The report was the result 
of a meeting that aimed to stimulate informal discussions on strengthening multilateral 
environmental governance with reforms of the UN framework. 
In October, the Climate and Security project, in conjunction with the Humanitarian Affairs 
program, co-hosted a roundtable on "Migrants in Times of Crisis." The event was part of the 
International Dialogue on Migration, the International Organization for Migration's principal 
forum for migration policy dialogue since 2001. The IPI event provided an opportunity for multi-
stakeholder, informal discussions on current issues surrounding international migration. A 
meeting report was also published. 
2. Humanitarian Affairs 
In 2012, IPI further developed its new program dedicated to humanitarian affairs, launched in 
2011. The core objective of the Humanitarian Affairs program is to provide a platform in New 
York dedicated to fostering knowledge and discussion on how best to adapt the international 
humanitarian system to changing global realities. Following the publication in November 2012 of 
a policy paper entitled "Rethinking Humanitarianism: Adapting to 21" Century Challenges," 
IPI intends to build on some of the paper's key conclusions to advance policy debate and 
reforms. The paper was presented to the Humanitarian Liaison Working Group, a group of 35 
states and humanitarian agencies, in December 2012, and was discussed with the broader 
diplomatic and humanitarian community at a larger event in February 2013. 
Another feature of IPI's program is the Humanitarian Affairs Series, which, along the lines of 
IPI's well-established SRSG Series, offers a platform for UN Humanitarian Coordinators and 
other senior humanitarian practitioners to meet and engage with the UN and diplomatic 
community in New York. Launched in September 2012, this event series has featured 
humanitarian coordinators for Afghanistan and for the Sahel. 
IPI has also gained visibility in the humanitarian affairs field by co-organizing events on issues 
such as "humanitarian negotiations and access" with Medecins Sans Frontieres, "migration 
in times of crisis" with the International Organization for Migration, and "children and armed 
conflict," a topic on which IPI also published an issue brief, with the Belgian Mission and 
Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict. IPI has participated in the Groups of Friends of 
Children and Armed Conflict meetings, and has been invited to participate in an Arria formula 
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meeting of the Security Council on how to increase pressure on persistent perpetrators of 
violations against children. 
3. Middle East 
In 2012, the Middle East Program's policy facilitation work was conducted primarily through its 
biannual ministerial meetings on the situation in the Middle East, co-organized with 
Luxembourg and the United Arab Emirates, with foreign ministers from the region and from 
Europe. IPI's President also conducted policy facilitation through meetings held in New York 
and the Middle East over the course of the year. 
For the third consecutive year, IPI co-organized a thematic Security Council retreat in Istanbul 
funded by the government of Turkey in May 2012. The 2012 retreat focused on "The Middle 
East and North Africa: New Political Realities." It examined the catalysts for the Arab uprisings, 
the future prospects for the countries where the uprisings occurred, and the responses of local, 
regional, and international actors. 
A major accomplishment of the program was completing its central research project, a Middle 
East Peace Process compendium entitled The Quest for Peace — An Oxford Companion to 
the Middle East Peace Process, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2013. With the 
compendium, IPI aims to provide a guide to the peace process in an accessible format and a 
toolbox of options for forward movement on the peace process for policymakers, academics, 
and laypersons alike. 
Over the course of the year, the program also enhanced its research component with three 
projects related to the Arab Spring: the Forum for Arab Citizenship in Transition, Arab 
Intellectuals Series, and Arab Youth Project. 
Forum for Arab Citizenship in Transition (FACT) 
The Forum for Arab Citizenship in Transition (FACT) is a series of informal gatherings through 
which Arab women and men civil society leaders exchange knowledge, experiences, and 
initiatives aimed at enhancing their capacities to participate as equal citizens in the democratic 
consolidation taking place in some parts of the MENA region in the wake of the Arab uprisings. 
The project is part of an ongoing collaboration between IPI and UN Women, whose Arab region 
programme focuses on Women, citizenship, and participation. 
In 2012 FACT launched a research project on Gender and the Constitution in Egypt and 
Tunisia, with particular attention to the writing process and its impact on equal citizenship. For 
Tunisia, the research report has been completed in Arabic and translated into English. A parallel 
report is being finalized in Egypt. Both reports include an inventory of the different proposals for 
engendering the constitutional drafts being constructed in Egypt and Tunisia. These reports also 
contain an analysis of the extent to which these proposals have been taken into account by the 
relevant drafting committees; an identification of the remaining gaps and challenges ahead; and 
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finally policy recommendations for addressing those gaps/challenges. In Tunisia some of the 
report's recommendations have already been shared with civil society advocates who brought 
them in September 2012 to the attention of members of the Constituent National Assembly. The 
lead researcher, a constitutional expert, has also used these recommendations in her public 
appearances. 
Arab Intellectuals Series 
The Arab Intellectuals Series provides a platform for writers and freethinkers from the Arab 
world to share their unique perspectives with the UN community at a crucial time in their history. 
In 2012, the series featured Jamal Benomar, the UN Special Representative of the Secretary-
General (SRSG) for Yemen; Samar Yazbek, a Syrian writer; and Bassma Kodmani, Syrian 
academic and former spokesperson for the Syrian National Council. In December 2012 the 
series will feature Abdul-Kareem al-Eriany, head of the Yemeni National Dialogue Committee. 
Arab Youth Project 
IPI's Arab Youth Project is a field-based research project that aims to provide policymakers with 
insights into the priorities of youth activists and their role as influencers within the Arab world's 
new political landscape. The first phase of the project focuses on the youth of Egypt and 
Tunisia—the standard bearers of the new Middle East whose success or failure will set the 
pattern for the region. In July and September 2012, IPI undertook fieldwork in Egypt and Tunisia 
to conduct more than 60 interviews with youth politicians and civil society activists. Initial 
findings have been disseminated with policy forums and talks at the UN Department of Political 
Affairs and at the UN Development Programme (UNDP), both of which expressed a particular 
interest in the project outcome, as well as at New York University and Columbia University. The 
research will be published in 2013. The program has also brought youth leaders from the Arab 
world to IPI to engage with the UN community. 
4. Africa 
In 2012, the Africa Program renewed its partnership with the Africa Union (AU). In March, an IPI 
delegation traveled to AU headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to negotiate a new 
memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the AU. The new cooperation agreement identifies 
two main capacity-building priorities on which IPI will support the AU Commission: peace and 
security threats in the Sahel-Sahara region and the Gulf of Guinea, and the collaboration 
between the UN Security Council and the AU Peace and Security Council. In addition, the 
new MoU plans for additional publications and dissemination strategies, and for 
communications and website cooperation. 
In implementing the new MoU, IPI commissioned a research paper from the Mauritania-based 
think tank, the Centre for Strategies and Security in the Sahel-Sahara Region (Centre 4S), 
which examines the national and regional security threats in the Sahel-Sahara region; provides 
an overview of the various responses to address these threats; and further assesses these 
responses in light of their implications for local ownership and regional leadership. The research 
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paper fed into a roundtable discussion on "Peace and Security Threats in the Sahel-Sahara 
Region: Assessing the Response, Devising the Way Forward," convened by IPI in 
September. IPI also produced a research paper on AU-UN peacekeeping and the partnership 
between the UN Security Council and the AU Peace and Security Council. 
In August, IPI published the English translation of former AU chairperson Jean Ping's memoir, 
And Africa Will Shine Forth. The book provides reflections on the history of Africa since 
independence and a critique of Africa's relations with the rest of the world. It calls for greater 
attention to the demands of statebuilding and regional integration as a way to a brighter future 
for the continent. In support of the AU Panel of the Wise, IPI prepared the publication of the 
panel's report on "Impunity, Justice, and National Reconciliation in Africa." 
IPI hosted one African Leaders Series event at its Trygve Lie Center in September, on the 
margins of the opening of the UN General Assembly. The high-level event featured Liberian 
President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, who presented on the role women in Liberia played in laying 
the foundations for sustainable peace and their invaluable contributions as meaningful actors in 
peace processes in the region. 
As part of its continuing strategy to raise the visibility of African issues in the UN community in 
New York, inform the debate, and promote understanding of critical issues in Africa, IPI 
convened eight expert roundtables and policy forums with various departments and agencies in 
the UN, permanent missions to the United Nations and the donor community. 
Thematic issues discussed at the events covered conflict prevention and the role of early-
warning and response mechanisms, citizenship and conflict in Africa, and AU-EU-UN 
cooperation in peacekeeping transitions. Other topics discussed at events included the 
protection of children from the Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), the challenges facing 
Sudan and South Sudan following South Sudan's independence, the opportunities and 
challenges facing post-transition Somalia, and the situation in Mozambique twenty years after 
the General Peace Agreement signed in Rome in 1992. 
5. Europe and Central Asia 
In 2012, the Europe and Central Asia programme carried out work, funded by the Government 
of Switzerland, on lessons learned from displacement in the Balkans. In May, it hosted an 
informal workshop that brought together senior government representatives of Bosnia and 
Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia to reflect on the process of finding regional 
solutions to the problem of forced displacement in the Western Balkans. This resulted in the 
publication "Rebuilding Lives: Regional Solutions to Displacement in the Western Balkans," 
which, by listing the Balkans' factors of success, hopes to inspire other regions of the world to 
follow its example. 
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In June, IPI's Vienna office, with the support and cooperation of the Austrian Federal Ministry of 
Defense and Sports, brought together experts from the private sector, intergovernmental 
organizations, think tanks, and the Austrian government to exchange views on strategic 
forecasting, with a special focus on Central Asia. An IPI strategic forecast of Central Asia will 
be published in 2013. 
IPI continues to promote confidence- and security-building measures (CBMs) in Europe and 
Central Asia. It hosted the launch of a new OSCE Guide on Non-Military CBMs and is exploring 
how such measures could be applied in Cyprus, Kosovo, and Moldova as part of a new project 
entitled "Breaking the Ice: New Approaches to Frozen Conflicts in the OSCE Area," which is 
described in detail in IPI's 2013 core proposal. 
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Vienna Office 
In its second full year of operations, the IPI Vienna Office continued its work on conflict 
prevention (particularly in Europe and Central Asia), and organized crime (through the Peace 
without Crime project), and added a third pillar to its work—energy security. 
The 2012 Vienna Seminar was entitled "The Uprisings: The Future of North Africa and the 
Middle East." This 42nd annual seminar focused on vulnerabilities and triggers behind the 
uprisings and regional and international responses. It examined what had changed in the year 
since the uprisings, current events (like the crises in Libya and Syria), and future prospects. The 
event was attended by over 100 participants including senior government officials from the 
region, representatives of the diplomatic corps, experts from think tanks, journalists, and 
students. 
In 2012, the Peace without Crime project on transnational organized crime published a guide 
to analyzing organized crime in fragile states entitled Spotting the Spoilers. Discussions on the 
guide were held in Bern, Geneva, Oslo and Vienna, and a training course using the guide was 
held at the Austrian Center for Peace and Conflict Resolution. Furthermore, case studies on the 
impact of organized crime on peace operations were carried out in Haiti, Guinea-Bissau and 
Kosovo. Research was also done on how the UN deals with organized crime in theatres where 
it does not have peace operations. Preliminary findings were presented at the International 
Forum for the Challenges of Peace Operations in Geneva. The final report and 
recommendations of the Peace without Crime project will be released by IPI in 2013. 
The Vienna Office also increased its activities in relation to humanitarian affairs. In addition to 
its long-standing support of the HOPEFOR initiative on the more effective use of military and 
defence assets for disaster relief, the Vienna Office hosted a meeting on lessons learned from 
displacement in the Western Balkans, it chaired a meeting (co-hosted by Switzerland and 
Norway) on the Nansen Initiative on disaster induced cross border displacement, and it took 
part in the inaugural meeting of the Consultative Committee of the Nansen Initiative in Geneva. 
Furthermore, the Vienna Office held discussions in Astana and Almaty (Kazakhstan) to promote 
regional cooperation for disaster preparedness and relief in Central Asia. 
In 2012, the Vienna Office finalized plans to launch a new Task Force on Energy and 
Security. Consistent with the methodology used for previous IPI Task Forces on Strengthening 
Multilateral Security Capacity, the Task Force on Energy and Security will involve experts from 
multilateral organizations, UN Member States, the private sector, and civil society (particularly 
think tanks and academia). In a series of meetings over two years, the Task Force will examine 
the inter-relationship between energy and security, focusing on specific case studies where 
energy is a potential source of conflict (such as West Africa; the Arctic; the Mediterranean, 
Middle East and North Africa; Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Caspian; and Sudan), and 
propose recommendations for improving multi-lateral cooperation in this field. The Task Force 
was officially launched at the World Future Energy Summit in Abu Dhabi on January 16, 2013. 
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Training Program 
In 2012, IPI held a pilot session of the Advanced Training Course on Diplomacy, Negotiation, 
and Conflict Resolution, a new professional development opportunity for member state 
representatives. The course proved to be very successful and complemented IPI's program of 
expert roundtables and seminars on policy issues related to the UN and topics related to IPI's 
policy research. Based on the positive results of 2012, IPI is currently fundraising to launch a 
more complete school of diplomacy in 2013. In addition, when funding becomes available, IPI 
plans to increase fellowship opportunities and to propose customized, in-capital training courses 
to its donors and partners. 
Advanced Training Course on Diplomacy, Negotiation, and Conflict Resolution 
In July IPI held its first five-day Advanced Training Course on Diplomacy, Negotiation and 
Conflict Resolution (as a pilot course) at Greentree Estate in Long Island. Seventeen mid-level 
diplomats (two from capitals and fifteen from permanent missions to the UN), representing 
Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East, participated. The course effectively 
combined theory and practice to meet its twofold objectives of 
1) deepening participants' insights and knowledge regarding contemporary conflicts and crises, 
and best practices in prevention, mediation and negotiation; and 
2) developing practical skills, such as negotiation techniques, effective public speaking, and 
creating visual presentations. 
Diplomats had the opportunity to engage with leading experts on theory and best practice in 
conflict analysis, mediation and negotiation, and relate the theory to practical challenges in 
today's international system, especially in North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. The 
global diversity of participants and the networking opportunity enriched the overall course 
experience. Based on evaluations and feedback, the course had a positive impact on 
professional skills development in the areas of negotiations, public speaking, and developing 
visual presentations. The mid-July timeframe attracted participants deeply immersed in current 
multilateral issues at the United Nations, who were ready for an intellectually challenging and 
interactive course that deepened their insights, broadened their perspective on the tools of the 
United Nation System, and honed their individual diplomatic skills. 
Visiting Fellowship 
From June to September IPI hosted a visiting fellow on sabbatical from the United Nations 
system, who conducted research on security in fragile states with a focus on Mali. 
New York Seminar 
Bringing together representatives of 40 states and international organizations, as well as 
independent experts and academics, IPI focused its 171" annual New York Seminar, which took 
place in April 2012, on political transitions in the Middle East. 
The seminar, which receives funding from the Government of Finland, as well as from the 
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broader contributions of Sweden and Norway, deepened the expertise of participants on this 
critical policy issue and provided them with an opportunity to develop their professional 
relationships. Transitions in Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen and Syria were covered as individual 
case studies. 
The transitions were also analyzed from a comparative perspective via assessments of 
democratic transitions in Latin America and Southeast Asia. A new element, which was well 
received, was a hands-on negotiations exercise. A policy report, including the discussions at the 
seminar and additional research, entitled 'Managing Transitions in the Arab World," was 
published in summer 2012. 
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Impact 
This section details the results of IPI's efforts to evaluate the direct impact of its 2012 activities, 
which aimed to support policymakers by producing analysis and ideas, and facilitating dialogue, 
on international peace and security issues. 
IPI uses the following five indicators to track and measure the intended impact of its activities: 
• Requests by the United Nations and member states for IPI to partner on initiatives that 
support the priority issues on their agendas. 
• Evidence that policy analysis and policy recommendations generated by IPI have been 
useful in informing the work of the UN and member states. 
• Cases where the UN, member states, and the media have solicited and relied on the 
knowledge and expertise of IPI staff. 
• Demand for IPI to convene meetings to promote a better understanding of an issue or to 
facilitate political consensus. 
• Ability to reach increasingly broad and diverse audiences through the dissemination of 
IPI's research, policy analysis, and meeting outcomes. 
Below is a compilation of illustrations of IPI's impact in 2012, organized in these defined 
categories. 
1) Partnerships 
Requests by the United Nations and member states for IPI to provide input to initiatives that 
advance the priority issues on their agendas 
• IPI was approached by the UN Department for Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) in 2012 to 
submit an evaluation with recommendations on the UN Standby Arrangements System 
(UNSAS). This project was undertaken from January to March 2012. IPI's recommendations 
were positively received and are still under consideration by UN senior management. At a 
meeting in February 2012, DPKO reported the preliminary findings of IPI's review of the 
UNSAS and informed member states of IPI's recommendations. 
• During a visit by IPI's Africa Program to the African Union headquarters in Addis Ababa, 
Ethiopia in March 2012, the AU requested IPI's support and collaboration in working on the 
thematic issue of peace and security threats in the Sahel-Sahara. In September, IPI 
convened a roundtable discussion on the topic, and then prepared a meeting brief, which 
was widely distributed and shared with the AU Peace and Security Department in Addis 
Ababa. IPI is carrying out additional activities on the Sahel-Sahara in 2013. 
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2) Policy Support and Capacity Building 
Evidence that policy analysis and policy recommendations generated by !PI have been useful in 
informing the work of the UN and member states, governments, and organizational partners—
assisting them in better understanding issues and achieving their objectives 
• In collaboration with the UN and the OECD International Network on Conflict and Fragility, 
IPI conducted a study on UN experiences with transition compacts, based on case 
studies of the UN's role in developing and implementing compacts in Afghanistan, Iraq, 
Liberia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Timor-Leste. The research was later 
published as an IPI policy paper in 2012. The following give indications of the impact of the 
study on the work of the UN and the OECD: 
o Findings from the study were referenced by members of the International Dialogue and 
UN senior officials in discussions during the final negotiations of the New Deal for 
Engagement for Fragile States, endorsed in Busan, Korea, in November 2011. 
o It has been indicated to IPI that the study influenced the decision to incorporate support 
for transition compacts as one of the elements in the UN Secretary-General's five-year 
action agenda for the United Nations. 
o Findings were incorporated into the OECD DAC guidelines on "Intemational Support to 
Post-Conflict Transition: Rethinking Policy, Changing Practice," issued in March 2012. 
o The study informed discussions on establishing a transition compact for South Sudan, 
as well as ongoing discussions with Chad. The OECD Secretariat indicated that it used 
the findings from the IPI study as the basis for some of its recommendations to the UN 
regarding the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). 
o The report prompted an invitation to IPI to present the case studies at the July 2012 
ECOSOC/DESA Biennial Development Cooperation Forum. 
• IPI's 2012 publication, The Management Handbook for UN Field Missions, is the first 
peacekeeping handbook fully devoted to management issues, in support of the Secretary-
General's priority of management reform. The book aims to provide a useful, accessible 
guide to the techniques of management for mission personnel at multiple levels and 
includes a foreword by the Under-Secretaries-General of Peacekeeping, Field Support, and 
Political Affairs that encourages a wide read by those engaged in field operations. 
• The Middle East program has produced a compendium, The Quest for Peace — An Oxford 
Companion to the Middle East Peace Process, edited by IPI President Terje Rod-Larsen 
and Senior Policy Analyst Nur Laiq, which will be published by Oxford University Press in 
2013, just ahead of the 20th anniversary of the Oslo Accords. The goal is to provide both the 
specialist and the layman, from statesmen and negotiators to journalists and students, with 
access to primary source documents, as well as to use the documents themselves to tell the 
complex story of the search for peace in the Middle East. 
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